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The Challenge

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How might we restore vibrancy in cities and regions facing economic decline? Read the challenge brief

Concept

Pocket Change: Empower Youth to Improve their Neighborhoods

What if the City, local businesses, community members and youth could submit ideas for improving their neighborhoods, and we turned them into mobile micro-job opportunities for youth?

Monica is a 15 year old living in East Oakland. Between school and helping care for her younger siblings, she stays pretty busy. Last summer, she tried to find a job, but there aren’t many opportunities for youth employment in her neighborhood. In fact, the unemployment rate in her neighborhood is twice that of San Francisco, and over 50% in some areas. When she walks to school, she sees kids she went to elementary school with walking in the other direction, toward black market jobs, gangs, or violence. Monica wants to go to college, but she also feels pressure to make sure her younger siblings have bus fare, new clothes, and school supplies. Each day, it seems like her walk to school gets longer.

What if we could text Monica right now and offer her an opportunity to make some extra money this weekend by helping harvest a community garden in her neighborhood? What if, in addition to that little bit of extra money, she became part of a community of other youth working to improve their neighborhood, gaining real work experience, and connecting with opportunities for longer term employment down the line? What if Monica was motivated to “level up” within this community by committing to longer-term projects and submitting project ideas of her own?

Kids like Monica are the inspiration for Pocket Change, a network of micro-job opportunities for youth that offers the dignity of work, the pride of working together to improve ones surroundings, and added value to the community.  

Across the globe, the mobile phone network is leapfrogging land-lines, and access to mobile phones extends from U.S. inner-cities to developing nations.  Systems like Kenya's M-Pesa mobile payment service are increasingly making mobile phones the banking tool of choice, and the best way to make sure that the person who most needs to receive a payment actually gets it. 

Pocket Change will offer an online and mobile platform of increasingly involved job opportunities for youth. Municipal organizations, non-profits, and local businesses can sponsor jobs that they’d like to see done in the community, and youth can bid for them with the “experience points” they’ve earned doing other jobs.  

Level 1: First-come, first-serve job opportunities that are posted online and sent out via text to anyone who’s signed up to receive them. 10 ppl needed to help with graffiti removal at Hart Elementary, Saturday at 3pm.

If youth do enough Level 1 jobs successfully, they’ll not only receive some pocket money but also enough Experience Points to bid for Level 2 jobs in the future.  Youth who need to earn community service hours as part of their high school requirements can opt to complete Level 1 jobs for no pay.  Level 1 jobs will likely be supervised by volunteers associated directly with Pocket Change, because they’ll be an important first opportunity to interact with youth, share expectations about what makes for good job performance, and introduce youth to the ways in which the system works.

Level 2: More involved or recurring job opportunities that may require a certain number of Experience Points to do. Experience Points can be earned by successfully completing jobs or by referring other youth to participate at Level 1. Level 2 youth might also receive additional bonus benefits like prizes, downloads, invitations to events, etc.

Level 3: At this level, youth become eligible to submit their own job ideas for funding. They can help select the team they’d like to work on their projects, and see the real results of their ideas coming to fruition in the neighborhood.

Level 4: With enough successful projects and enough experience points, youth could become eligible for recognition from local officials, college trips, or scholarship opportunities.

By providing real opportunities for making money, Pocket Change will provide an alternative to illegal employment. The opportunity to earn money will be an immediate draw, and will help draw youth who might not otherwise engage in community service. Once youth are involved, they can opt to receive texts or emails about opportunities for academic coaching, college information sessions, financial aid, and more.

The game-like design of the system will encourage youth “level up” by participating in more jobs and referring friends to the network.

Donors, businesses, or city agencies who support the organization will be providing a double benefit: they’ll put money in the pockets of youth who desperately need it, and they’ll see improvements in their communities.

Early prototyping shows that youth are most motivated by the opportunity to earn money – much more so than points, etc. They are also motivated by the independence that receiving a text and responding to it signifies. While they had some concerns about how to make sure that youth don’t just sign up for jobs and not complete them, and how to navigate school rules about cell phone use while participating in this program, they were nothing but enthusiastic about the idea of making extra money while improving their communities.

Taskrabbit.com provides a service similar to this in the for-profit space. Members can post service job opportunities (i.e. “pick up my dry cleaning”) and participants can bid for jobs. Participants “level up” by submitting to background checks, receiving enough positive ratings for jobs well done, and completing a certain number of jobs.

Homebody Industries, working from the motto that “nothing stops a bullet like a job,” has provided job opportunities for youth since 1988. Their experience shows that working while building real work experience and skills lead even former gang members to more productive pathways in their communities.

Opportunities to improve our cities abound, as do kids like Monica, who are creative, hard-working, and ready to make a difference. With Pocket Change, Monica can get involved in building skills for her future, and make enough real money now to stay motivated along the way. 




What resources (money, time, people, technology, etc) will your concept need to be successful?

We'll need an online and mobile platform, an ad campaign to get youth to sign up (though the promise of making real money will help word of mouth), and some seed tasks to get us started.

In later phases, social orgs or businesses could sponsor our youth corps to do bigger projects (Level 2, 3, and 4 projects): revitalizing an urban garden, organizing a recycling drive, or tutoring younger kids in local schools.

What steps could you take to implement this idea today?

I could do a second round of prototyping at middle and high schools in Oakland, offering high school students opportunities to make money doing projects at the middle school where I work. I've done this type of partnership in the last year, but I could only offer kids community service credits, not cash money. Making that leap would boost enrollment and help me reach kids who might not otherwise get involved with community service (because they're busy making money.)

How can your idea be scaled so that it's implemented in cities around the world?

Once the mobile platform goes through a few phases of testing and iteration, it could easily work for many cities. Especially in countries where most mobile phones are pay-as-you-go, having youth do city development work in exchange for phone credits (which can be used or cashed out) uses the mobile network already in place.

My Virtual Team

So many! Special thanks to Ally Krupar, Simon Morfit, Brian Redondo, Michael Jones, Korinna Thielen, Ryan Shelby, and Jean-Luc Alfonsi.

1

How well does this concept restore vibrancy to cities and regions facing economic decline?

This concept will definitely restore vibrancy to struggling cities
This concept has potential to restore vibrancy to struggling cities
This concept will not restore vibrancy to struggling cities
2

How scalable is this concept across struggling cities and regions worldwide?

This concept could be scaled for impact across multiple locations
This concept will take a fair bit of work to build and scale
This concept is not particularly scalable
3

Does this concept require a lot of resources (time, money, people, etc) to achieve impact?

Not really – few resources would be needed to get results
Somewhat – significant resources would be needed to get results
Yes – considerable resources would be needed to get results
4

How easy would it be for our community to design an early prototype of this concept?

Easy – we could start prototyping this today
A bit tricky – but we could figure it out
Not at all easy – we'd need help from outside experts on this
5

Overall, how do you feel about this concept?

It rocked my world
I liked it but preferred others
It didn't get me overly excited
1

How well does this concept restore vibrancy to cities and regions facing economic decline?

2

How scalable is this concept across struggling cities and regions worldwide?

3

Does this concept require a lot of resources (time, money, people, etc) to achieve impact?

4

How easy would it be for our community to design an early prototype of this concept?

5

Overall, how do you feel about this concept?

Comments

Join the conversation and post a comment.

January 16, 2012, 05:47PM
For another take on micro-work - check out Samasource - a San Francisco non-profit using micro-work to combat poverty globally. Their experience and expertise might be helpful for you.

http://samasource.org/
December 10, 2011, 06:47AM
I really like this idea of giving youth the ability to improve their communities and earn money at the same time. I would suggest also allowing the students to submit their own ideas or locations as to how and where they want to help improve their local communities
Macy Parker's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
December 12, 2011, 03:34PM
Thanks, Ryan! I love that idea. I'm also thinking that people from the community could post bids or offers to donate their own funds in exchange for work done in the neighborhood. I.E. "I'd like to see publicity for the opportunities for tutoring at the local library, and I'd pay $20 to someone to hang flyers for it." Donations could do double duty: you'd see an immediate improvement in your community AND you'd provide the dignity of work to local youth.
Jean-Luc Alfonsi's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
December 12, 2011, 05:00PM
Hi Macy,
I really liked your idea of micro-jobs for youngsters through community improvement. I think as well publicity for local businesses is a great way of financing the micro-projects.
I believe you found a very good way to connect micro-jobs with financing.
I think you can find other ways for people to share ideas of projects.
It would be great if ideas could come from different kind of parties like youngsters, people from the community, local businesses, city hall.
With ideas, financing and micro-workers your projects seems to have all the ingredients.
Macy Parker's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
December 13, 2011, 03:31PM
Thanks, Jean-Luc. I like your idea of local businesses getting involved in the financing as well. Opening up the ideas to lots of stakeholders in the community could really help generate lots of great opportunities for youth to connect and earn money.
Bryan Lee's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 14, 2012, 06:12AM
Love the idea and creativity.

Question - This is a 2-sided market, you need both the kids and the jobs, but neither would find value without the other side being there. Which side would you build first and how would you maintain their interest while building up interest on the other side?
January 14, 2012, 04:33AM
I love this idea too!! The idea of resume building, making a little needed cash, finding like-minded peers from all over a city..... Everything sounds amazing!

I have two sets of tough questions for you though:
1) What steps can be taken to ensure safety for all those participating in these great opportunities? Should everyone who signs up get a background check maybe?
and 2) Is there an age limit for this? I see that it's intended for youth, but how can that be further promoted? What do you think about only officially promoting this only through supportive pubic school channels?

I can't wait to see where this idea takes you!! Congrats!
January 11, 2012, 03:32PM
This idea has so much potential, it's awesome! I'm curious what the target age group should be. This idea directly addresses the current poor job market in most places and so I feel like there needs to be some way of moving up the job ladder, similar to what Simon Morfit said.

Another option though is offering the inverse of this model, where the youth could self-initiate the projects, having to submit a budget/proposal to the community to seek funding. This way the employee could become the employer, giving them even more stake in their community. Maybe this could be based on an earned credit system, similar to what Korina Thielen, Brian Redondo and again Simon Morfit were saying.

I'm excited to hear about your prototype!
January 05, 2012, 09:33PM
Macy, congrats on this concept making it into our Top 20! We loved the idea of incentivising youth to get active in their communities. While money is a clear motivator, during Refinement let's think about what other rewards might encourage young people to take up these jobs. Similarly, what sort of support, training or monitoring might this program need to ensure that the jobs posted are appropriate for young people and that the youth are being paid fairly and according to local regulation?
Meena Kadri's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 05, 2012, 11:16PM
Indeed – mechanisms and features which foster *trust* are evident in most successful sites from Facebook to AirBNB to even OpenIDEO. Given youth will be involved, gaining the trust of parents may also be relevant. Folks might like to think about these issues during our Refinement phase so Macy can add the best suggestions to her concept.
Ally Krupar's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 07, 2012, 01:44PM
Hi Macy, one more thought off of these comments is the value of public recognition of a job well done. Youth (and people in general) love recognition and approval from peers so if there's a way of incentive-izing youth participants through recognition and support from a peer network, sort of like your school "currency" mentioned above, that could be a motivator outside of the small amount of money. This recognition could occur in schools or community centers and your pilot at your school might be able to show where youth would most appreciate recognition for their service.
Simon Morfit's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 10, 2012, 01:26AM
@OpenIDEO - access to academic scholarships or deeper levels of mentoring (e.g., coaching/guidance on negotiating the college application process) could be potential motivators. If students complete a certain number of projects or project-hours - they are eligible to apply for an academic scholarship or participate in more specific/tailored mentoring sessions. Scholarships, of course, require a funding source - perhaps local businesses + residents could pool resources for this?
Brian Redondo's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 11, 2012, 01:16AM
Really interesting idea Macy! Perhaps instead of using monetary incentives, students could earn experience points. These points could be traded in for things offered by local businesses like entrance to a performance, concert, or museum, credit at a store, credit for transportation, etc. Or perhaps instead of credits, students could earn downloadable music, movies, and games provided by a media company.
January 10, 2012, 01:03AM
Awesome idea Macy! Related to Korinna Thielen's comment - would it make sense to have different tiers and categories of jobs? Participants could start out tackling the odds-n-ends type of jobs (e.g., mowing the lawn) and over time take on more sophisticated jobs with greater responsibility that will be a real resume boost and career builder? This would function as an incentive system and also as a great way to expose youth to a variety of career options. Knowing more about different career options that are out there can go a long way to fostering ambition and drive.
Simon Morfit's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 10, 2012, 01:51AM
ps - thinking longer term here - would it make sense to build in a way for participants to graduate from micro-jobs to macro-jobs (e.g., a summer internship, part-time work during the school year or full time work after completing their degree)? Learning to do a job well, acquiring a set of professional skills, and developing a professional demeanor (knowing how to conduct yourself in a professional context) all take time - and longer-term positions may be better able to impart this. This is something job-sponsors might want to do - especially if they like the work of a particular student or the program overall.

I'm super curious to hear what you learn after reaching out to Taskrabbit.
January 09, 2012, 02:50AM
Thanks for all the great feedback! I'm going to start prototyping this idea tomorrow with a group of about 20 youth. We'll generate some tasks, publicize them in the school, and try out a couple of systems for rewarding youth who've completed a job. I've also reached out to Taskrabbit.com to see if they have feedback - I think it's an analogous concept in the for-profit space. With all of your comments and the data I gather in prototyping, I'll update the original concept post. Keep the ideas coming!
Meena Kadri's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 09, 2012, 07:43PM
Way to go Macy. We're looking forward to hearing about how things play out! Be sure to try and update your post before the Evaluation phase later this week :^)
January 08, 2012, 12:12AM
Hi Macy, great to see your ideas advance!
One aspect of local jobs could be towards building pride and ownership for streets and public spaces. In San Francisco there are a number of youth job programs that focus on cleaning up neighborhood streets, graffiti, and parks with great results. Unfortunately, much of the work is quickly erased with more litter or damage. While this creates work for the next round it doesn't create a longterm solution.

If some of the proposed jobs address recurring needs in the community, perhaps you could create an additional level of engagement and challenge to reward the youth for creative problem solving. Maybe some funding could be set aside for implementing the ideas.
January 07, 2012, 12:30AM
Hi Macy, I love your idea.
How about regulating the work assignments by having the youth bid for them? so whoever wants to do a job can "apply" online and the one with the most credits gets it or so. you can earn credits by having successfully completed other jobs. so applying for jobs no-one else wants to do could be a strategy of increasing your own value / trustworthiness to the client... the alternative would be that there is some face-to-face selection process involved, which could also be handled by the youth (thereby gaining HR expertise...)
Ally Krupar's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 07, 2012, 01:37PM
Great idea, Macy! To piggy back off of Korinna's idea, a mobile application system would also be a good tool if you were to scale up to say African capital cities. Youth in these cities may have unreliable internet access but all have mobile phones. Working with schools, you could advertise to youth about projects and have them submit interest via SMS. 160 characters is enough to say why you want to do something, I think. And then the project can follow up with those youth individually who want to work with them. I'm living in Kampala now and would love to see this implemented here!
December 29, 2011, 10:41PM
Love this idea, Macy. Maybe when it comes time to scale up, we can think about ways to enroll participants to give the program more options to retain people. Do a job and get a recommendation point? People paying for services can look up your service history may decide to pay for larger (and better-paying) jobs to those with higher recommendation points?

On another note, it would be unfortunate if this system inadvertently undermined people's will to help each other out without the expectation of payment. Perhaps the system could encourage volunteerism, too? Perhaps that's unreasonable to ask of the population you had in mind. In Haiti, where I live, it definitely would be.

When do you think you will be able to pilot this in your community? Best of luck!!
Macy Parker's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
January 06, 2012, 03:52PM
Thanks, Carla! I definitely agree that "service history" will be important. We could also try having volunteer jobs that are worth more "recommendation points." I know that Taskrabbit.com does a similar service history for its micro-jobs. I'd like to reach out to them and see how they make that work. And I hope to pilot as soon as next week!
January 06, 2012, 03:49PM
Thanks, everyone, for the helpful comments!

I'm excited that this idea is part of the Top 20. I'd love some more feedback on how to regulate this kind of work and thoughts on what kinds of prototyping might be most informative.

I can even try a small scale pilot in the next few days at the school where I work (we use a school "currency" that kids are really invested in, so I can pay participants using that for now.)
January 05, 2012, 08:43AM
Great Idea, really liked it.
It would provide good learning on the following side:
How would we ensure that the transaction cost of doing such jobs stays low. Meaning, since the jobs are low value, the overhead in the system should be low too. Cost/effort of filing a job, waiting for it to be done. Ensuring that it got done with quality, supervising it etc.
December 29, 2011, 09:11PM
I really like this idea Macy! Great thoughts.
December 13, 2011, 12:37AM
Hey this is a fantastic idea! Is there any way to get involved to help this idea grow?
Macy Parker's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
December 13, 2011, 03:33PM
Thanks, Danny! I think the next step is some quick prototyping. I'm going to try out a version of this in the community where I work, but I'm not a programmer, so it will be tricky for me to prototype the mobile user interface. So if you have that expertise... Or if you have other ideas for how to make this concept even better, I'd love to connect! Thanks again.
danny thiemann's reply to Simon Morfit's comment
December 27, 2011, 11:06PM
Hey Macy, I do know some people who have expertise in programming different apps or SMS messaging systems. I wanted to alert you to this interesting opportunity to fund ideas like these. If you want help applying for this grant, let me know if you want to talk more about your idea and how I could help you apply for support.

See,
http://socialgoodguide.com/2011/12/22/the-dell-social-innovation-challenge/
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